Genetic resources and varietal innovation in maritime pine

The project consists of two parts. Component 1 (to which FCBA contributed) aims to ensure the traceability of all individuals in the improvement population. 6,407 trees from the Landes G0 and G1 improvement populations were checked, i.e. 373 G0 genotypes and 1,064 G1 genotypes at a rate of 3 to 15 copies per genotype. 62 SNPs out of the 80 tested were retained. First, the uniqueness between genotype and molecular profile was checked for each tree. After correcting for molecular profile/genotype mismatches, we identified 366 unique molecular profiles for G0 and 1061 for G1. In a second step, the identity of the sire and dam (the pedigree) of each G1 was checked. In 86% of the cases, no errors were observed. For 9% of the G1s, at least one of the parents was wrong. Finally, for 5% of the G1s, the pedigree could not be verified because the G0 parent is no longer available. These certified genetic resources will allow the development of new selection strategies based on molecular marking. These innovative strategies will make it possible to create varieties that are better adapted to environmental (climate change, arrival of new pathogens, etc.) and economic changes (part 2 developed by INRAE).